The life and death of Levvis Gaufredy a priest of the Church of the Accoules in Marceilles in France, (who after hee had giuen him selfe soule and bodie to the Diuell) committed many most abhominable sorceries, but chiefly vpon two very faire young

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主題 Topic Witchcraft
書刊名 TitleThe life and death of Levvis Gaufredy a priest of the Church of the Accoules in Marceilles in France, (who after hee had giuen him selfe soule and bodie to the Diuell) committed many most abhominable sorceries, but chiefly vpon two very faire young gentle-women, Mistris Magdalene of the Marish, and Mistris Victoire Corbier, whose horrible life being made manifest, hee was arraigned and condemned by the Court of Parliament of Aix in Prouince, to be burnt aliue, which was performed the last day of April. 1611. Together with the 53. articles of his confession. To which is annexed, a true discourse of a most inhumaine murther, committed by foure women witches, vpon a young gyrle, of about tenne yeares olde, who were all executed the 28. of Iune last past. (1612)
作者 AuthorAnonymous
出版社 PublisherReproduction of the original in the Henry E. Huntington Library and Art Gallery.
STC (2nd ed.)11687.
Electronic reproduction.Ann Arbor, Mich. :UMI,1999-(Early English books online)Digital version of: (Early English books, 1475-1640 ; 838:1)s1999 miun
出版年 YearPrinted by Richard Redmer, 1612
語言 LanguageEnglish
裝訂 Binding□ 平裝 Paperback　　　　□ 精裝 Hardcover
頁數 Pages19
ISBN
(10 / 13)
Bibliography ReferenceSpence, Caroline. “The Trial of Louis Gaufridy: Possession, Heresy, and the Devil’s Mark, 1609-161.” Essays in History.  http://www.essaysinhistory.com/articles/2011/7 (STC, Duff, GW . . .)
來源網址 Web Link1)    EEBO
2)    關於Louis Gaufridy的研究論文請見以上資訊
劇本簡介
撰稿者		王儀君
撰寫日期 Date2016. 11. 02

A.   簡介 Introduction (within 100 words, Chinese or English)

Louis Gaufridy是十七世紀法國的神父，1611年因綁架、魔術、巫術多種罪狀，以火刑處死。這些罪名引起了相當的震撼，因為素來在天主教就有驅魔的儀典，Gaufridy的刑求與處罰，不免被人認為是宗教改革路程中政治的鬥爭與衝突所致。
法國的宗教革命風潮並不平靜，單是1572年所發生的聖巴托羅繆大屠殺(St. Bartholomew's Day massacre)，死亡的人數數以千計。十六世紀末法國的胡格諾教派受到喀爾文教派的影響，反對君主專制，但是為何演變至天主教的神父也遭受處分在當時引起相當的議論。Madeleine Demandols de la Palud and Louise Capeau是事件的核心人物；據Brooklyn博物館所提供的資料，Madeleine 從十三歲開始就受憂鬱症之苦，家人將其送往馬賽，由Gaufridi神父給予新心靈指導，但Madelein曾向友人透露兩人的關係，Madeleine住進其他修道院時發生了著魔似的歇斯底里症狀，這種症狀還蔓延開來，引起相當的恐慌(https://www.brooklynmuseum.org/eascfa/dinner_party/heritage_floor/madeline_de_
Demandolx)。Jean Romillon 認為該執行驅魔儀式造成不同解讀，尤其驅魔儀式一旦曝光，便遭受許多質疑。文本中，Madeleine 和Louise被提交審問，Gaufridy更是受到質疑。在嚴格詢問之下，Capeau直接指控Madeleine會巫術，Gaufridy更誘導一名女童成為巫婆的控訴。Madeleine則指證Gaufridy帶有魔鬼的印記，Gaufridy坦承不諱；四十年之後，Madeleine仍以巫術之名送進監獄終生監禁。中世紀至現代前期有關巫術的迷信和民眾莫名遭受指控的文學作品眾多，這篇相關法國宗教改革時代發生的悲劇是一部值得研究的重要文獻。Gaufridy的故事被François Rosset記錄下來，根據Rosset，Gaufridy受魔鬼引誘之說都是因為想像的事情造成恐懼的氛圍，是種悲劇。

B.   文本摘錄 Extracts (4-6 Pages)

…when the Devil marks, one feels a little bit of heat that penetrates the skin…wherever he touches, the skin remains somewhat sunk and hollow…
 
…I was marked at the Sabbat of my own consent, and there I made Madeleine be marked.  She was marked on the head, in the heart, on her stomach, on her thighs, on her legs, on her feet, and in many other parts of her body: she still has a needle in her thigh that she cannot feel, which I saw him put in, and when the needle entered, you would say it was like piercing parchment…
 
…There are many Masked witches and magicians who cover their marks, but afterwards they grow back on their own…Therefore this mark remains always with them, although they may convert, because of their vow of persistence that they had made in particular…when they gave themselves to the Devil…
 
…The said marks are made for a protestation that one will always be a good and faithful servant of the devil his whole life.
See: http://www.essaysinhistory.com/articles/2011/7
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